游览一个地方，游人总是希望能买到一些能代表当地特色的产品，既可做为旅游的纪念，也可作为馈赠亲友的礼品。A local tour, visitors always want to buy some representatives of local specialty products, Tourism will serve as the Memorial, but also as gifts gifts. 对于九寨沟来说，它不仅有秀美的自然风光，也有大量货真价实的土特产品。Jiuzhaigou, it is not only a beautiful natural scenery, but also a large number of genuine native product. 名贵药材Luxurious ingredients     在九寨沟这个植物王国里，生长着数以千计的药用植物，为四川中药主产地之一。Jiuzhaigou in the kingdom of plants, the growth of thousands of medicinal plants, Chinese Sichuan one of the main origin. 九寨沟人常用药草防病治病，往往药到病除，十分灵验。Jiuzhaigou people herb commonly used disease, often the cure to the disease, very prophetic. 松贝Sumbe 在我国，贝母品种多达十余种，其中尤以川贝最为名贵，而川贝中又以松贝最优。In China, as many as a dozen species of Fritillaria species, particularly Chuanbei most expensive, and they turned around and Sumbe Chuanbei optimal. 松贝是润肺消炎、镇咳化痰的名贵药材。Sumbe is lungsWarning Gentian, antitussive Huatan luxurious ingredients. 当归Angelica 当归为多年生草本植物，夏季开纯白的花，其根入药，有活血、止痛、调经、保胎等功效。Angelica of perennial herbs, summer open white flowers, medicinal roots, and Blood and painkillers, Tiaojing, Baotai such uses. 黄芪Astragalus 属兰科植物，黄芪是著名的补气良药，据研究它还具有加强心脏收缩的功能。An orchid plants, astragalus is famous Buqi medicine, the research has also enhanced cardiac function. 虫草Cordyceps 麦角科虫草属植物? 虫草是寄生在鳞翅目蝙蝠蛾科昆虫蝙蝠蛾幼虫上的孑座和幼虫尸体的复合体。Lysergic Branch Cordyceps species? Cordyceps is parasitic in Lepidoptera Hepialidae bat moth larvae of insects on the larvae Block and the bodies of the larvae Minute Fitness. 性温味甘，有润肺补肾的作用，能扩张支气管平滑肌且有平喘作用，对肠管、子宫及心脏等部位的疾病均有抑制作用。Sweet warm nature, the role lungsWarning Bushen, will expand bronchial smooth muscle and have asthma, the effects of intestine, uterus and heart disease, and other parts of the inhibition. 虫草尚有镇静、抗炎、降低血清胆固醇、提高血糖、及抑制肿瘤的作用。Cordyceps still sedative, anti-inflammatory, lower serum cholesterol, improve blood sugar and inhibit tumor role. 天麻Tianma 属兰科植物，天麻为一株黄红色肉质独苗，根部入药，它是平肝息风的良药，对肝风引起的头痛有特效。An orchid plants, Tianma to a red meat independence Huang Miao, medicinal roots, it is the wind Pinggan income panacea, the liver caused by wind effects are headache. 雪灵芝Xuelingzhi 石竹科蚤缀属植物，雪灵芝性甘味寒，有滋阴养血、益肾壮骨的功能。Caryophyllaceae Arenaria species, Xuelingzhi sexual Sweet cold, Ziyin Yangxue, Yishen Zhuanggu function. 主治肺燥咳嗽、咳血、血虚风痹、筋骨疼痛、肾虚眩晕。Indications Linen cough, hemoptysis, blood deficiency Wind weakness, skeletal pain, dizziness kidney deficiency. 藏族民间用雪灵芝茎、叶、花加工后代茶饮用，具有醒脑提神、消除疲劳、清热等作用。Tibetan Folk with snow fungus stem, leaf, flower processing future generations with tea drinking, with Xingnao refreshing, eliminate fatigue, Qingre effects. 草灵芝Ganoderma grass 本鹃花科岩须属植物，草灵芝性辛、味微苦，有安神镇痛作用。Azalea Branch of the rocks to plants, grasses Ganoderma sexual Sim, flavor, slightly bitter flavor, a tranquilizer analgesic effect. 灵芝菌Ganoderma Lucidum 担子菌类多孔菌科灵芝属植物， 灵芝菌性淡、温，功能为滋养强壮。Burden fungus Ganoderma polypore Branch species, Ganoderma Lucidum sexual desalination, temperature and function of the strong nourishment. 主治头晕、失眠、神经衰弱、高血压病、冠心病、胆固醇过高症、肝炎、慢性支气管炎、哮喘、风湿性关节炎等。Indications dizziness, insomnia, neurasthenia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, high cholesterol disorders, hepatitis, chronic bronchitis, asthma, such as rheumatoid arthritis. 外用治鼻炎。External governance rhinitis. 藏红花Saffron 鸢尾科番红花属植物，藏红花柱头入药，有活血、祛瘀、止痛、兴奋子宫、降血压等作用。Iris Branch crocus species, saffron stigma medicines, and Blood and stasis, analgesics and excitement uterus, antihypertensive effects. 藏红花因其量少价高，故市场上多有假货混迹。Saffron because less than prices, so the market is more into the fakes. 真的藏红花色鲜红，油重，有光泽，体糯，有特殊的香味，放入水中，水被染成黄色直线向下，再逐渐扩散，本身呈喇叭状。Safranine matched really red oil heavy and shiny, waxy body, have a special scent into the water, and water was stained yellow line down, and then gradually spread itself was trumpet shape. 而植物性假冒伪品，多切成细丝，再用洋红染色，加橄榄油而成，浸泡后，水变成红色，购买时须注意识别。And plant fake goods, multi-slice filaments, and then stained magenta, olive oil from Canada, after soaking water into red need to pay attention to when buying identification. 雪茶Ice tea 地衣类地茶科地茶属植物， 雪茶生长于海拔 3600 米 以上的高山草甸地带，味微苦、性凉，有清热消炎、安神 镇静、生津解渴、滋阴润肺、降脂减肥、平肝降火等功能。Lichens like to Cha Cha to Branch Plant, Ice Tea Growth in elevation 3,600 meters above the mountain meadow zone and taste slightly bitter flavor. sexual cooler, Qingre Gentian, Anshen sedation, health-thirsty, Ziyin lungsWarning-lowering weight loss Pinggan TCM, and other functions. 主治中暑、烦热、阴虚潮热、肺热咳嗽、神经衰弱、高血压病等。Indications heat stroke, kidney and Yin hot flushes, Hyperactivity cough, neurasthenia, hypertension and so on. 松贝Sumbe 杜仲科杜仲属植物，杜仲的树皮是重要的中药材，具有补肝肾、强筋骨和安胎的功效。Eucommia Koidu SIN species, the eucommia bark is important medicines, has completed the liver and kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles and tocolysis effect. 主治腰膝酸疼、小便余沥、阴下湿痒、胎漏、高血压等病症。Indications these medicines are worth aching pa, I Lek urine, vaginal itch under wet, fetal spotting, hypertension and other diseases. 桃儿七Sinopodophyllum emodi 小檗科桃儿七属植物， 桃儿七属国家三级重点保护植物，功能为镇静止痛、清热解毒、活血止血、追风除湿、定喘止咳。Berberidaceae Sinopodophyllum hexandrum seven species, the state Sinopodophyllum emodi three key protected plants, the function of sedation analgesia, antitoxin, clears Huoxue bleeding, Zhuifeng dehumidification, Dingchuan cough. 主治风湿疼痛、咳喘、胃痛、子宫出血、跌打损伤、蛇咬伤等病症，并能解乌头类中毒。Treat rheumatism pain, cough and asthma, stomach pain, bleeding, wounds, snake bites and other diseases, and Wu Xie poisoning. 经民间草医临床实践，对治疗各种癌症也有一定疗效。By civil grass clinical medical practice, the treatment of cancer is also effective. 桃儿七果实能健脾顺气、止咳化痰，主治劳伤气喘。Sinopodophyllum emodi fruit can Jianpi ungrudging, Zhike Huatan treat the injured asthma. 雪上一枝蒿Snow rupestonic 毛锒科乌头属植物，雪上一枝蒿属国家三级重点保护植物，块根内含有多种生物碱，具有消炎止痛、祛风除湿的功能，对治疗跌打损伤、骨折、风湿骨痛、牙痛、疮痛肿毒、毒蛇咬伤等病症有较好疗效。Vs hair ornament is the first plant, Artemisia snow a three countries focus on protecting plants, tubers contain many alkaloids, It has anti-inflammatory painkillers, Qufengchushi the function of the treatment of wounds, fractures, rheumatism, bone pain, pain, sore swollen pain drugs, and Snakebite symptoms such as a good effect. 延龄草Trillium tschonoskii 百合科延龄草属植物，延龄草属国家三级重点保护植物，具有较大的药用价值。Liliaceae Yanling grass species, Yanling L. three national key protected plants, and larger medicinal value. 根茎中含有多种皂素配基，对治疗眩晕头痛、高血压、神经衰弱、跌打损伤、腰腿疼等病症有一定功效。Roots contains a variety of saponin ligand for the treatment of vertigo headache, hypertension, neurasthenia, bonesetters injury, diseases such as waist and legs ache a certain effect. 沙棘Seabuckthorn 胡颓子科沙棘属植物， 沙棘对心血管系统具有改善冠脉流量、降低胆固醇等作用，对呼吸系统具止咳祛痰作用，对消化系统有抑制胃液分泌和蛋白酶活性，对浅表性胃炎有效。Elaeagnaceae Seabuckthorn plant, seabuckthorn on the cardiovascular system has improved coronary flow, reduce cholesterol, right with respiratory cough expectorant effect on the digestive system inhibit gastric secretion and the activity of protease, the superficial gastritis effective. 据国处资科记载，种籽油能促进人体的新陈代谢和伤口愈合，并有镇痛作用。According to the State Department's data records, the seed oil can promote human metabolism and wound healing, and the analgesic effect. 我国是世界上沙棘产地及药用记载最早的国家。China is the world's Seabuckthorn origin and the earliest recorded medicinal country. 早在公元 8 世纪下半叶，杰出的藏医学家宇妥·云丹贡布写成的藏医经典著作《四部医典》就有沙棘药用的记载。As early as the eight second half of the century. outstanding Tibetan physician-Cloud Dangongbu properly written in Tibetan classics, "Code of four doctors" have medicinal Seabuckthorn records. 胡颓子Elaeagnaceae 胡颓子科胡颓子属植物，胡颓子果实含鞣质、有机酸盐等 , 果实成熟后可作为食品。Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus species, Elaeagnaceae fruit with tannins, organic acid, mature fruit can be used as food. 锦鸡儿Caragana 豆科锦鸡儿属植物， 锦鸡儿的根功能为滋补强壮、活血调经、祛风利湿。Caragana leguminous plants, Caragana the root function of the tonics stronger, blood Tiaojing, Qufeng Lishi. 用于高血压病、头昏、 耳鸣、体弱乏力、月经不调、乳汁不足、风湿性关节痛、跌打损伤。For hypertension, dizziness, tinnitus, the weak weak, menstrual disorders, insufficient lactation, rheumatic arthralgia, bone setting injury. 锦鸡儿的花功能为祛风活力、止咳化痰。Caragana function of a flower Qufeng vitality, Zhike Huatan. 用于头晕耳鸣、体虚乏力、肺虚咳嗽、小儿消化不良。Tinnitus for dizziness, weakness physically weak, coughing Syndrome, and children dyspepsia. 牛黄Bezoar 为洞角科动物胆囊中的结石，牛黄气清香，味先微苦而后微甜，性甘凉、有清热解毒、镇惊、祛痰的功效。Branch of the hole angle of animal gallbladder stones, the bezoar gas delicate fragrance and taste, slightly bitter flavor first and then Blended, sexual stomach, Qingrejiedu, Zhenjingpian. expectorant effect. 蕨菜Bracken 凤尾蕨科属植物，蕨菜嫩茎可供食用，根状茎提取的蕨粉为滋养食品。Pteridaceae species, Bracken Spear fit for human consumption, the fern rhizome extract powder for food nourishment. 蕨菜含多种元素，有清热解毒、消肿安神、降压等作用。Bracken containing multiple elements, Qingrejiedu, swelling tranquilizer, the antihypertensive effects. 羊肚菌Morchella 羊肚菌的主要功能为健脾、开胃、利肠、止咳化痰，用于脾胃虚弱、消化不良、痰多气短。Morels the main function of the spleen, aperitif, Lee 71, Zhike Huatan for the weak stomach, indigestion, shortness of breath sputum. 民间把羊肚菌作为食用。Civil put Morchella for consumption. 工艺品Crafts 唐卡Thangka 用本地产天然矿、植物颜料绘制而成，是藏族艺术的珍宝。With the natural mineral property, plant pigments drawing from is the Treasures of Tibetan Art. 藏刀Recovered 异常锋利。Abnormal sharp. 多采用手工制作，造型古朴奇特，工艺精巧。Use of hand and the shape of plain strange, delicate process. 另外还有藏纸和藏香等。Another possession and possession of paper so on. 刺绣品Embroidery 当地妇女手工制作而成，常见的有挎包、帽子和壁挂等，做工精良，具有浓郁的民族色彩。Local women's hand-produced, it is common to the satchel, caps and Tapestry, sophisticated work, with the accompaniment of ethnic color. 雕刻Carving 有骨雕、木雕、石雕、玉雕、角雕等，有时可寻到有文物价值的古代作品。Have Gudiao, wood carvings, stone, jade, taste, it may sometimes find relics of the ancient works of value. 首饰Jewelry 主要有玉器、猫眼、水晶和绿松石、翡翠、珊瑚、天眼石、水晶等。Mainly jade, Cat, crystal and turquoise, jade, coral, eye stone, crystal, and so on. 在沟内的树正寨、诺日朗旅游服务中心和沟口的游人中心以及彭丰镇都可以购买到这些充满浓郁民族特色的纪念品。In the tree-Walled groove, Connaught Day Long tourism service center and the visitors center Mizoguchi Hiroyuki Feng Peng and the town can buy these with strong ethnic characteristics of the century For.

九寨沟风景名胜区位于四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州南坪县境内，距离成都市400多公里，是一条纵深40余公里的山沟谷地，因周围有9 个藏族村寨而得名，总面积约620平方公里，大约有52％的面积被茂密的原始森林所覆盖。林中夹生的箭竹和各种奇花异草，使举世闻名的大熊猫、金丝猴、白唇鹿等珍稀动物乐于栖息在此。 自然景色兼有湖泊、瀑布、雪山、 森林之美。沟中地僻人稀，景物特异，富于原始自然风貌，有“童话世界”之誉。有长海、剑岩、诺日朗、树正、扎如、黑海六大景区，以翠海、叠瀑、彩林、雪峰、藏情这五绝而驰名中外。

以“童话世界”、“人间仙境”而著称的九寨沟位于东经103 ° 46 ′ -104° 4′，北纬 32 ° 51 ′ -33° 19′，在四川省西北部阿坝州九寨沟县境内，地处青藏高原东南边缘的尕尔纳山峰北麓，海拔在 2000 米 至 3000 米 之间，距四川省省会成都市 435 公里 。

    国名： 伊朗伊斯兰共和国 (The Islamic Republic of Iran)

    独立日：４月１日（１９７９年）（伊斯兰共和国日）

    国庆日：２月１１日（１９７９年）（伊斯兰革命胜利日）

    建军节：４月１８日 

    国花：玫瑰花

    国旗：呈长方形，长与宽之比约为７∶４。自上而下由绿、白、红三个平行的横长条组成。白色横条正中，镶嵌着红色的伊朗国徽图案。白色与绿色、红色交接处，分别用阿拉伯文写着“真主伟大”，上下各１１句，共２２句。这是为纪念伊斯兰革命胜利日——公元１９７９年２月１１日，伊斯兰教太阳历为１１月２２日。国旗上的绿色代表农业，象征生命和希望；白色象征神圣与纯洁；红色表示伊朗有丰富的矿产资源。

    国徽： 由四弯新月、一把宝剑和一本古兰经组成。新月象征宗教——伊斯兰教；古兰经位于顶端，象征伊斯兰教高于一切，是共和国行为准则的依据；宝剑象征坚定与力量，有如巨刃摩天，力斩“恶摩”。四弯新月和古兰经书本组成阿拉伯文的“安拉”（真主）；而整个图案呈圆形，象征地球，表示“安拉”的伊斯兰思想遍及全球。

    国家政要：最高领袖 阿亚图拉赛义德·阿里·哈梅内伊(Ayatollah Sayyed Ali Khamenei) ，１９８９年６月霍梅尼逝世后继任领袖；总统艾哈迈迪－内贾德 (Mahmoud Ahmadinejad) ，２００５年６月当选，８月就职；伊朗确定国家利益委员会主席拉夫桑贾尼。
      伊朗已故宗教领袖霍梅尼  前总统哈塔米　前议长卡鲁比

伊朗古城波斯波利斯石柱群

    自然地理：１６４．５万平方公里。位于亚洲西南部，北邻亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、土库曼斯坦，西与土耳其和伊拉克接壤，东与巴基斯坦和阿富汗相邻，南临波斯湾和阿曼湾。是高原国家，海拨一般在９００—１５００米之间。北部有厄尔布兹山脉，德马万德峰海拔５６７０米，为伊最高峰。西部和西南部有扎格罗斯山脉，东部是干燥的盆地，形成许多沙漠。北部里海和南部波斯湾、阿曼湾沿岸一带为冲击平原。主要河流有卡流伦河与塞菲德。里海是世界最大的咸水湖，南岸属伊朗。伊朗东部和内地属大陆性的亚热带草原和沙漠气侯，干燥少雨，寒暑变化大。西部山区多属地中海式气侯。里海沿岸温和湿润，年平均降水量１０００毫米以上。中央高原年平均降水量在１００毫米以下。 

伊朗伊斯法罕的桥梁因其古老、 具有伊斯兰风格、功能多样而闻名。这里所有的桥梁均横跨“朝 因达鲁德河”，它们在伊斯法罕 百姓的生活中起着重要的作用。 图为伊朗伊斯法罕的费尔多西桥。

伊朗伊斯法罕的郝珠大桥夜景。 该桥长132米，始建于1550年， 它也作水坝之用。石桥下面是 伊斯法罕民间艺人汇集之地， 也是百姓夜间纳凉及社交的场所

    人口： ６９７０万（２００６年９月）。它是一个多民族的穆斯林国家，有波斯、阿塞拜疆、库尔德、阿拉伯及土库曼等民族，其中波斯人占６６％，阿塞拜疆人占２５％，库尔德人占５％，还有阿拉伯人及土库曼人等少数民族。官方语言为波斯语，伊斯兰教为国教，９８．８％的居民信奉伊斯兰教，其中９１％为什叶派，７．８％为逊尼派。

    首都：德黑兰 (Tehran) 位于横亘伊朗北部厄尔布斯山的南麓，有人口１１００万。>>

    简史：伊朗是具有四五千年历史的文明古国，史称波斯，有记载的历史和文化始于公元前２７００年，我国汉史称安息。公元前２０００年后出现印欧血统的伊朗人。公元前６世纪古波斯帝国阿契美尼德王朝曾盛极一时。该朝第三代国王大流士一世统治时期（前５２１—前４８５），帝国版图东至阿姆河和印度河两岸，西到尼罗河中下游，北至黑海、里海一带，南达波斯湾。公元前３３０年古波斯帝国被马其顿·亚历山大所灭。后建立了安息、萨珊王朝。公元７—１８世纪阿拉伯人、突厥人、蒙古人先后入侵。１８世纪末，伊东北部的土库曼人恺加部落统一了伊朗，建立了恺加王朝。１９世纪初沦为英、俄的半殖民地。１９２１年礼萨·汗推翻恺加王朝，于１９２５年建立了巴列维王朝。１９４１年礼萨·汗被盟军逐出伊朗，其子穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维即位。１９３５年３月２１日，改国名为伊朗。１９７８年爆发了反对国王的群众运动，迫使巴列维国王于１９７９年１月１６日流亡国外。同年２月，宗教领袖霍梅尼结束１４年流亡生活从巴黎返回伊朗接管政权，４月１日宣布成立伊朗伊斯兰共和国。１９８１年１０月哈梅内伊就任总统，穆萨维就任总理并受命组阁。霍梅尼逐步建立起政教合一的伊斯兰体系。伊朗和伊拉克长期存在着边界、教派和民族争端。进入８０年代两国关系恶化。１９８０年９月两伊战争爆发。经国际上多方调解于１９８８年８月宣布接受停火。１９８９年６月３日霍梅尼病逝，专家会议于第二天推举总统哈梅内伊为新领袖。７月２８日，议长拉夫桑贾尼当选总统。１９９３年６月１１日，拉夫桑贾尼连任总统。１９９７年５月２３日，哈塔米当选总统，８月４日宣誓就职，２００１年连选连任。  中国前驻伊朗大使华黎明：28年前在伊朗感受“革命”

    行政区划：全国划分为２７个省，１９５个县，５００个区，１５８１个乡。２７个省为：德黑兰、中央、吉兰、马赞德兰、东阿塞拜疆、西阿塞拜疆、克尔曼沙汗、胡泽斯坦、法尔斯、克尔曼、霍拉桑、伊斯法罕、锡斯坦－俾路支斯坦、库尔德斯坦、哈马丹、恰哈马哈勒－巴赫蒂亚里、洛雷斯坦、伊拉姆、博韦艾哈迈德－科吉卢耶、布什尔、赞詹、塞姆南、亚兹德、霍尔木兹甘、阿尔达比勒、加兹温、库姆。
    “沙漠里的翡翠”——古城巴姆